Información sobre petróleo, gas,

 

 

 

https://www.worldometers.info/gas/gas-reserves-by-country/

http://www.aukevisser.nl/supertankers/gas-SP/id703.htm

 

Flota de petroleros 


Según Statista, la capacidad de la flota mundial de petroleros aumentó significativamente entre 1980 y 2020 en más del 77 %. A pesar de la creciente contribución de las energías renovables al consumo mundial de energía, el mercado mundial sigue dependiendo en gran medida del petróleo. En 2020, la flota mundial de petroleros tenía un peso muerto de aproximadamente 601 millones de toneladas. Los distintos tipos de petroleros se clasifican por tamaño de flota: VLCC, Suezmax y Aframax. A partir de abril de 2020, la flota global incluía 810 petroleros de gran tamaño. Dado que el petróleo es la fuente de energía más utilizada, la creciente demanda de energía está impulsando la extracción y el transporte

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Wind Propulsion (WP) & Wind Assist Shipping Projects (WASP)

 

 

 

 

 
 

The use of wind propulsion in modern commercial shipping covers a wide spectrum – from wind-assisted motor vessels, where auxiliary propulsion is provided by wind to primary wind ships with auxiliary engines, where primary propulsion is from the wind, augmented by engines to ensure just-in-time schedules are maintained .

Motor Vessels – The standard vessels that make up the vast majority of the current world fleet of ocean going vessels. Improvements in efficiency and savings in fuel costs and emissions have been achieved by increasing the size of vessels, improving hull design, increased engine efficiency and other modifications and to a limited extent by the use of renewable energy options for ancillary power. Operational changes have also been made, especially slow steaming, with reductions

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U.S. Natural Gas Prices Jump On High Demand

 

U.S. natural gas prices surged by 6 percent early on Wednesday as frigid weather in many parts of the United States lifted demand, and commodity markets eyed the Russia-Ukraine crisis, fearing disruptions of natural gas flows to Europe in the event of a conflict.

At 9:57 a.m. EST on Wednesday, the U.S. benchmark price, Henry Hub, was rising by 5.90% to $4.298 per million British thermal units (MMBtu).

Natural gas prices reflected expected high to very high demand for space heating and electricity in the United States in the coming days. According to estimates from NatGasWeather.com for the week January 26 to February 2, national natural gas demand is expected to be

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OPEC+ Set To Continue With 400,000 Bpd Production Increase

 

 
OilPrice.com

The OPEC+ group is expected to decide next week whether it should continue unwinding the oil production cuts by another 400,000 barrels per day (bpd) in March, as global demand holds resilient despite record COVID cases in major oil-consuming countries, OPEC+ delegates told Bloomberg on Wednesday.

The alliance is meeting online on February 2 to decide on production levels and quotas for March, having approved 400,000-bpd monthly production hikes each month since August.

For next week's meeting, expectations of OPEC+ delegates from around half of the coalition's producers are that the same increase will be approved for March, largely in line with analyst expectations that the group would continue to add more supply to the market.

Analysts, however,

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NATO, Russia, and the Security Dynamics in the Black Sea

 

 

 

 

Reuters/Scanpix
British Royal Navy's destroyer HMS Defender, followed by Royal Netherlands Navy frigate HNLMS Evertsen, sails in the Bosphorus, on its way to the Mediterranean Sea, in Istanbul, Turkey.
 

In the last decade, the Black Sea has become a de facto arena for competing and objectively irreconcilable strategic interests, where an opportunistic Russia has unilaterally changed the security architecture and dynamics in the region via not only conventional military means, but also highly sophisticated and hybrid means that have allowed Moscow plausible deniability.

This has objectively left NATO and the EU to play catch-up in regard to developing sufficient means to counter what we have now termed hybrid warfare.

Understandably, this was rather difficult to foresee in the 90s, as a weak and indebted

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